Critical Infrastructure

Global railway networks are exposed to multidimensional physical threats, ranging from economically motivated theft correlated with commodity price fluctuations to asymmetric sabotage risks triggered by geopolitical tensions. This study examines the statistical distribution of security threats, material-based attack vectors, and the methodology of deducing perpetrator motivation from field evidence, utilizing Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) data, UIC (International Union of Railways) incident analyses, and LME copper price movements. The acquired data indicates that railway security is transitioning from a mere public order issue to a national critical infrastructure security framework.